The 1960s marked a transformative era for Broadway, reflecting the decade's cultural shifts and societal changes. Early in the decade, traditional musicals like "Bye Bye Birdie" (1960) offered lighthearted entertainment, satirizing phenomena such as the Elvis Presley craze. However, as the 1960s progressed, Broadway productions began to tackle more complex and provocative themes. "Hair" (1968), for instance, introduced rock music to the stage and delved into subjects like the Vietnam War, sexual liberation, and racial unity, even featuring controversial elements like on-stage nudity. This period also saw the emergence of influential figures such as Stephen Sondheim, whose "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum" (1962) showcased his innovative approach to musical storytelling. Despite these artistic advancements, Broadway faced challenges, including rising production costs—averaging $500,000 by mid-decade—and competition from the burgeoning rock and roll scene, which diminished the cultural dominance of show tunes. Nevertheless, the 1960s remain a pivotal chapter in Broadway history, characterized by artistic innovation and a willingness to engage with the pressing issues of the time.